Improvement in harvesters



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I F I A ventol':

,Pate-nted Apr'113,1877.

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0. N. SKAARAAS.

HARVES'TER- Patented Aprl., 1877.

OLE NIELSEN SKAARAAS, OF HALE, \VISOONSIN, SSIGNROF ONE-HALF HIS RIGHT TO LOUIS BGGER & CO., OF NVASHINGTON, D. O.

-IMPROVEMENT IN HARVESTERS.

specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 189,143, datedApril 1877; application filed January 4, 1876.

Machines; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying dra-wings, and to the letters of ref-,

erence marked thereon, which form a part of this specification, and in which- Fig'ure l is a side elevation. Fig. 2 is a top plan. Fig'. 3 is a Vertical section of the reel, after the line indicated by x w in Fig. 2. Fig. (L is a bottom plan. Fig. 5 is a plan view, and Fig. 6 a section of detachcd parts of the machine.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the fignres.

This invention consists in the improved construction and arrangement of Operating parts in a reaper or harvesting machine, as hereinafter more fully describerhand pointed out in the claims.

My improvedfharvester consists of 'two separate parts, (denoted by 1 and 2 on the drawing's.) The front part, 1, carries the drive-wheel, driving machinery, driver7s seat, and the reel; and the hind part, 2, consists of thel gram-platform, elevator, sickle, and its attachments, and, when used, the binders7 table. I shall tirst proceed to describe the front part.

A is a stout frame, having' bearings a for the axle B. The drive-wheel G is set loosely upon this axle, but has a clutch, Z), which, by the levers c d, may be made w to engage with a clutch-coupling, e, secured firmly upon axle B, when it is desired to operate the machine.`

Axle B has a pulley, O, and a bevel-wheel, D, -keyed firmly onto it. An endless band passes from .pulley O to a pulley, E, on the reel-shaft F, by which the r'eel G is operated, The bevel-wheel D meshes with two pinions. H and I, secured upon the ends of shafts It at right angles to each other. To the other end of shaft h, just above the pinion H, is a gear-wheel, K, which meshes with the pinion L ot' shaft l; and the shaft t' terminates in a square butt, fitting into an 'adjustable coupling, M, by which the machinery ot' part 'is operated.

' To the under side of fraineA is pivoted an oscillating arrn, N, terminating in a fork, na, the two ends of which are united by a crossbar, f. The arms n 'n are ot' the contig'uration shown in Fie'. 5-that is, triangular in shape, wide in the middle, and tapering to each side, so as to form, with the cross-bar f, a recess for the cam O. The latter is secured to the end of the shaft l, and consists of three smaller triangular carns, 0 o o, united at their bases; so as to form the clover-leaf-sliaped cam O. (Shownin Fig. 5.) When the shaft l rotates, this cam, by coming in contact with the triangular-shaped sides of the arms a n,

. will im part an oscillatinp,` motion to lever-arm N, pivoted to the frame A at g.

lJ is a horizontal lever, having` its fulcrum at 7a, and pivoted at m to-the cross-piece f, and atp to another oscilla'ting lever-arm, Q, which has its fulcrum at g. The arm Q mf parts motion to the sickle-bar, (denoted by R,) which is pivoted adjustably to Q at r, as shown in the bottom plan, Fig. 4.

S S' represent uprig'hts or standards, hav- -ing 'adjustable bearing's 8 8' for the reel-shat't w F. The latter terminates' in a frame, consisting' of two sets ot' arms, T T', placed at right angles to each other, and united by cross-pieces U W. The former are firmly mortised into the arms T T'; but the latter are pivoted thereto. at w, asshown.

To the cross-pieces W are fixed arms X, which carry the rakes or beaters Y, that are of the usual construction.

The cross-pieces W, with the armsv X and bea-ters Y, are operated by the device represented in Figs. 3and 6. This consists of four arms, a', sliding in guides t, and pivoted to braclets u, projecting` downward from the cross-pieces W. -At their opposite ends the .arms a' are pivoted upon a rod, A', which is firmly secured in the bearing s, and passes .through the hollow reel-s'haft F, so as to remain stationary while the shaft rotates. The rod A' is bent, as shown at b', the arms a' bein g pivoted to the bent part.

By this arrangement, When the reel-shaft F and arms T T' revolve, the cross-pieces NV, with the rakes secured to them, will be turned gradually in their bearings w, operated by the arms (o', in 'such a manner that the i nraiies Y will be feathered, and carry the grain straight toward thesickle. i In the upward passag'e of the rakes, these will, by this arrangement, be kept in a standing position toward the gram-platform in part 2, thereby dropping the cut grain g'radually before they assuine a horizontal position at the top of the reel.

` and folding motion as the reel revolves. It

will readily be perceived that a cam or eccentric placed upon a straight shaft Would per-` form precisely the same'function (and would, theret'ore, be an equivalent therefor) as the bent or cranked portion b' of the shat't A'.

Part of my improved harvester consists of a frame, (denoted by 3,) which isaflixed to -the front part by a detachable rod, 4, which passes through eyes or bearings in brackets 5 and 6, the former ot' which are secured to the frame A of the front part of the machine. M is an adjustable coupling, secured to the end of the elevator-shaft 7, directly opposite the square butt-end of the shaft i, already described, which fits into a correspondinglyshaped recess in the said coupling'. Above the coupling' M is atfixed, to the upright 8, a rod, 9, which passes forward to a rock-shaft, 10, operated by a handle, 11, within easy reach of the driver. This rod is for the purpose of coupling or nneoupling the rear part (part'2) of the machine, by eng'aging or disengaging the end of shaft iwith the coupling M, so that by this arrangement the machinery ot' the rear, part of the machine may be thrown into or out of operation at the will of the driver, without aft'ecting the operation of the fore part.

The detailed construction of the rear part of the machine may be adapted to the various purposes for which it is intended to be used. In the drawings hereto attached I have shown a grain platform having an endless band operated by pulleys, carrying the cut grain to an elevator, which deposits it either in a tilting gram-box, 12, or upon a binders,

table, that may be substitnted for the box; but other constructions of this part of the machine may be used Without departing from the spirit of my invention. i i

By the improvements hereinbefore described I produce a harvesting-machine easy to pull and to operate, and certain of action under all conditions of the grain. It Will cut, with equal facility, standing or thrown grain, the construction of the reel being such that the rakes will goin under the grain and lift it up toward the sickle.

After the grain has been cut, the feathering motion of the wings and rakes will cause it to be deposited evenly on the gram-platform, ground, or binders, table, as the case may be. By providing the rods a' With a series of perforations at their ends, the arms or brackets u may be adjusted (by means of a pin or bolt) in such a manner as to regulate the pitch or throw of the wings X and rakes Y, according to the character and condition of the graiu, so as to either carry it straight against the sickle, as an ordinary reel, or catch in under the grain and Iiftitup from the ground against the sickle, as hereinbefore stated. i

The fore part ot' the machine may be detaehed from the 'rear part, and attached to another rear part of difi'erent construction with little trouble; and the machinery of both parts is so connected that, by means of the rod' 9 and lever 10, the connection may be made or detached in a moment, without the driver len ving his seat. i

Having thus deseribed my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent ot' the United States- 1. As` an improvement in `harvesters or reaping'-machines, a reel' having jointed wings connected by rods with a cranked shat't, whereby the wings are extended and foldcd as the reel revolves, substantially as and for the purpose horeinbetbre set forth.

2. The combination of the t'orked lever-arm N, constructed as described,and having crosspiece f, with the lever I), lever Q, and sicklebar It, substantially in the manner and for the purpose hereinbefore setforth.

3. The combination of the shat't 12,'adjnstable conpling M,`upright 8, rod 9, and rockshat't 10, all arranged and Operating substantially in the manner and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereunto affixed my signature in presence ot' two witnesses.

OLE NIELSEN SKAARA AS. 

